Medina: The History of Islam’s Second Holiest City by Harasta Jesse & Charles River Editors

Author:Harasta, Jesse & Charles River Editors
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Charles River Editors
Published: 2015-03-04T00:00:00+00:00

The first Umayyad Caliph, Mu'awiyah I, had been Uthman's cousin and the governor of Damascus; additionally, he was a renowned military commander on both land and sea and an important companion of the Prophet since he had served as Muhammad's personal scribe. He managed to reunite the Muslim empire and, despite moving the capital from Medina, ruled in the same style as his predecessor[16].

However, after his death in 680, there was a major break in the traditions established by Abu Bakr: the Caliphate was transferred to Mu'awiyah's son, Yazid I. This dynasticism caused a political uproar throughout the Caliphate. The most prominent of the opponents was Abdullah ibn Zubayr, a prominent son of Medina. The grandson of Abu Bakr, the First Caliph, he was the first Muslim to be born in Medina after the Prophet's arrival. Ibn Zubayr was among several prominent figures who believed that - if the Caliphate should go from father to son - they had a better claim to the position than Yazid. This also included Hussein, the eldest surviving son of Ali. After Hussein was killed in what many consider a treacherous attack by Yazid's soldiers, ibn Zubayr became the most prominent figure against Yazid. His forces were largely drawn from Medina and Mecca and among them where many prominent figures from those cities who resented the movement of the capital to Damascus.

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